World Health Organization. Women and Health; Today’s Evidence Tomorrow’s Agenda. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2009.
World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, United Nations Population Fund, and The World Bank. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2008; Estimates developed by WHO, UNFPA and The World Bank. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2010.
World Health Organization, Division of Reproductive Health, Family Planning and Population Unit. Health Benefits of Family Planning. Geneva: WHO, 1995, page 7-9.
World Health Organization (WHO). Report of a WHO Technical Consultation on Birth Spacing, Geneva, Switzerland 13–15 June 2005. WHO, 2006.
World Health Organization (WHO), Unsafe Abortion: Global and Regional Estimates of the Incidence of Unsafe Abortion and Associated Mortality in 2008, sixth ed., Geneva: WHO, 2011.
Wilcher R, Petruney T, Reynolds HW, et al. From effectiveness to impact: contraception as an HIV prevention intervention. Sex Trans Infect 2008;84:Sii54-ii60.
United Nations. Sustainable Development Goals
United Nations. Report of the International Conference on Population and Development—Cairo, 5-13 September 1994. New York: United Nations, 1995.
United Nations. Millennium Development Goals
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). The State of the World’s Children 2009: Maternal and Newborn Health. New York: UNICEF, 2008.
UNFPA. The Human Rights-Based Approach
UNFPA, UNICEF, WHO, World Bank Trends in Maternal Mortality:1990-2010, Geneva, WHO 2012.
Stover J, Ross J. How Increased Contraceptive Use has Reduced Maternal Mortality. Maternal Child Health J 2010;14:687–695.
Singh S, Wulf D, Hussain R, Bankole A, Sedgh G. Abortion Worldwide: A Decade of Uneven Progress. New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2009.
Singh S, Darroch JE, Ashford LS, et al., Adding It Up: The Costs and Benefits of Investing in Family Planning and Maternal and Newborn Health. New York: Guttmacher Institute and United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), 2009.
Rutstein SO. Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005;89 Suppl 1:S7-S24.
Macro International Inc., Demographic and Health Surveys, various years. Compiled by Population Reference Bureau for Press Backgrounder, March 16, 2009
Lloyd CB, Mensch BS. Marriage and childbirth as factors in dropping out from school: an analysis of DHS data from sub-Saharan Africa. Pop Stud 2008;62(1):1-13.
HTSP Toolkit – Knowledge for Health
Guttmacher Institute. Facts on Investing in Family Planning and Maternal and Newborn Health—Updated November 2010 using new maternal and neonatal mortality data. New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2010.
Guttmacher Institute, Facts on investing in family planning and maternal and newborn health, In Brief, New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2010.
Graczyk, K. Adolescent Maternal Mortality: An Overlooked Crisis. Washington, DC: Advocates for Youth, 2007.
Gaffikin, L., Family planning and the environment: Connected through human and community well-being, Outlook, Volume 27, Number 1, March 2010, PATH
Extending Service Delivery (ESD) Project, Postpartum Family Planning for Healthy Pregnancy Outcomes: A Training Manual, 2009
Extending Service Delivery (ESD) Project, Healthy Timing and Spacing of Pregnancy: A Trainers’ Reference Manual, 2008, revised 2010
Conde-Agudelo A, Rosas-Bermúdez A, Kafury-Goeta AC. Birth spacing and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes: A meta-analysis. JAMA 2006;295(15):1809-23.
Conde-Agudelo A, Belizán, JM, Breman R, Brockman SC, Rosas-Bermudez A. Effect of the interpregnancy interval after an abortion on maternal and perinatal health in Latin America. Int J Gyn Ob 2005; 89:S34–S40.
Cates W. Family Planning: the essential link to achieving all eight Millennium Development Goals. Contraception 2010;81(6):460-61.
The WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria Wheel for Contraceptive Use (2015)
A tool that makes it easy to identify medical eligibility for use of family planning methods.
The Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use (3rd Edition 2016).
This resource provides guidance on how to use contraceptive methods safely and effectively, once they are deemed to be medically appropriate.
The Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (5th edition 2015).
This resource provides guidance on whether people with certain medical conditions can safely and effectively use specific contraceptive methods.
Reproductive Health Manual for Trainers of Community Health Workers (Center for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA)), 2003
A Guide to Family Planning for Community Health Workers and Their Clients, World Health Organization 2012, Geneva, WHO, 2012.
This simple counseling tool was adapted from WHO’s Decision Making Tool for Family Planning Clients and Providers.
Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (2022 update)
This book serves as a quick-reference resource for all level of health care workers. It provides practical guidance on delivering family planning methods appropriately and effectively.
Decision Making Tools for Family Planning Clients and Providers, World Health Organization (WHO) and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore Maryland, INFO and Geneva, WHO, 2005.
This resource is a comprehensive flip chart that can be used by all types of providers who counsel clients on family planning methods.
The Balanced Counseling Strategy (BCS)
A practical, interactive, client-friendly counseling strategy that uses three key job aids (visual memory aids) for counseling clients about family planning.